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Atheism in Hinduism
Atheism (Sanskrit: , , lit. "statement of no Lord", "doctrine of godlessness") or disbelief in God or gods has been a historically propounded viewpoint in many of the orthodox and heterodox streams of Hindu philosophies.〔(The Speak Tree – The Atheistic Roots of Hindu Philosophy ). The Times of India.〕 In Indian philosophy, three schools of thought are commonly referred to as ''nastika'' for rejecting the doctrine of Vedas: Jainism, Buddhism and Cārvāka. Though ''nastika'', meaning heterodox, refers to the non-belief of Vedas rather than non-belief of God,〔 all these schools also reject the notion of a creationist god.
Hinduism is a religion, but also a philosophy.〔P. ix, ''The Book of Hindu Imagery: Gods, Manifestations and Their Meaning'' By Eva Rudy Jansen〕 Among the various schools of Hindu philosophy, Samkhya, Yoga and Mimamsa while not rejecting either the Vedas or the Brahman , typically reject a personal God, creator God, or a God with attributes. While Samkhya and Yoga rejected the idea of an eternal, self-caused, creator God, Mimamsa argued that the Vedas could not have been authored by a deity.
Though some schools of thought view the path of the atheist difficult to follow in matters of spirituality it is still a valid one. Hindu atheists accept Hinduism more as a "way of life" than a religion.
== Etymology ==
The Sanskrit term ' ("pious, orthodox") refers to the systems of thought which admit the validity of the Vedas. Sanskrit ' means "there is", and ' (per Pāṇini 4.2.60) derives from the verb, meaning "one who says '". Technically, in Hindu philosophy the term refers only to acceptance of authority of Vedas, not belief in the existence of God. However, though not accepted universally, ' is sometimes translated as "theist" and ' as "atheist", assuming the rejection of Vedas to be synonymous to the rejection of God.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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